The main objective of this study is to provide an overview of the current state and development of the heavy industry in Mongolia. The overview will cover the four main resources in Mongolia - coal, iron ore, crude oil, and copper. Within the scope of the review, related development policies will be highlighted along with the current progress of major mining and processing projects. Additionally, the copper downstream industry will be analyzed both within Mongolia and internationally, In doing so, challenges faced by the industry will be highlighted and policy recommendations will be provided. To achieve this, developmental conditions for a downstream processing plant are considered and a pre-feasibility model is constructed for a hypothetical copper wire manufacturing plant. The main outputs of the study will be the identification of challenges and presentation of policy recommendations for the development of the downstream industry in Mongolia.